The doctrine of the Trinity in the godhead includes the three following particulars, viz. (a) There is only one God, one divine nature; (b) but in this divine nature there is the distinction of Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, as three (subjects or persons); and (c) these three-have equally, and in common with one another, the nature and perfection of supreme divinity. It was the custom in former times for theologians to blend their own speculations and those of others with the statement of the Bible doctrine. It is customary now to exhibit first the simple doctrine of the Bible, and afterwards, in a separate part, the speculations of the learned respecting it.
I. The Biblical Doctrine. — It has always been allowed that the doctrine of the Trinity was not fully revealed before the time of Christ, and is clearly taught only in the New Test. Yet, while it is true (1) that if the New Test. did not exist we could not derive the doctrine of the Trinity from the Old Testament alone, it is equally true (2) that by the manner of God’s revelation of himself in the Old Test. the way was prepared for the more full disclosure of his nature that was afterwards made. But (3) respecting the intimate connection of these persons, or respecting other distinctions which belong to the doctrine of the Trinity, there is nothing said in the Old Test. While in each particular text allusion is made to a trinity or plurality in God, yet these texts are so many in number and so various in kind that they impress one with the opinion that such a plurality in God is indicated in the Old Test., though it is not fully developed or clearly defined.
(I.) The texts of the Old Test. may be arranged in the following classes:
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Author: McClintock and Strong Cyclopedia
Keywords: Trinity, trinitarian, trinitarianism, Nicene Creed, Athanasian creed
Bible reference(s): 1 Corinthians 1:13, 1 Corinthians 15:28, 1 Corinthians 4:5, 1 Corinthians 8:4, 1 John 5:7, 1 Kings 12:9, 1 Peter 1:2, 2 Chronicles 10:9, 2 Corinthians 12:8, 2 Corinthians 13:14, 2 Corinthians 5:8, 2 Timothy 2:22, 2 Timothy 4:17, Acts 1:24, Acts 10:38, Acts 7:59, Acts 9:14, Colossians 1:17, Ezra 4:18, Galatians 1:4, Hebrews 1:10, Isaiah 45:3, Isaiah 48:16, Isaiah 6:8, John 1:1, John 10:28, John 14:26, John 15:26, John 16:13, John 17:1, John 20:28, John 3:16, John 5:8, John 8:58, Luke 1:35, Luke 23:35, Luke 9:20, Mark 13:32, Matthew 11:27, Matthew 16:16, Matthew 18:18, Matthew 27:40, Matthew 3:16, Numbers 6:24, Philippians 2:10, Philippians 3:21, Psalms 102:26, Psalms 2:7, Psalms 33:6, Psalms 72:1, Psalms 89:27, Psalms 97:7, Romans 1:3, Romans 14:11, Romans 8:9, Titus 2:13
Source: John McClintock and James Strong, Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature.
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